What is periodontology
Periodontology is the branch of dentistry that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of the supporting tissues of the tooth, that is, the periodontium.
The periodontium consists of:
Gingiva
Tooth root
Periodontal ligament
Alveolar bone
Periodontology:
Treats diseases affecting the supporting organ of the tooth
What is pyorrhea or periodontitis?
Gum infection caused by bacteria
Symptoms:
Reddened, bleeding, swollen, sore, receding gums
Causes:
Improper hygiene, smoking, stress, predisposition, certain drugs, diet, pregnancy
Types of care:
Periodic specialist visits, non-surgical periodontal therapy, in advanced stages surgery is used
Gingivitis and periodontitis
Gingivitis is the first stage of periodontal disease characterized by reddened and bleeding gums.
Periodontitis is the most advanced stage and is a chronic degenerative disease that causes destruction of the supporting apparatus of the teeth, consisting of the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, root and gingiva.
Therefore, it is not easy to notice that you are suffering from periodontitis until it is too late. As soon as you notice one or some of these symptoms, it is a good idea to make an appointment with your dentist:
Redness
Bleeding , swollen and sore gums
Persistent bad breath
Tooth sensitivity during chewing
Teeth appearing longer than before
Development of space between teeth
Appearance of pus between teeth and gums
The causes
Periodontitis is caused by the bacteria, which remain on the teeth if daily oral hygiene is not thorough.
The formation of plaque, and its subsequent transformation into tartar, increases the proliferation of bacteria that slowly destroy tissue.
The concomitant causes of increased bacterial activity are:
smoking;
pregnancy;
stress;
diseases (example: diabetes);
certain medications taken continuously;
individual predisposition.
nutrition
What can be done
Regular oral hygiene sessions and checkups allow for the prevention of the disease.
In the case of people who are genetically predisposed, they will have to undergo treatment and checkups closer in time.
If we go to the dentist when the disease has reached an advanced stage, it is impossible to completely regenerate the lost periodontium, but it is possible to prevent it from getting worse.
By making a diagnosis as early as possible, we can prevent the disease from getting progressively worse and keep it under control over time.
To treat periodontitis, we have devised a specific pathway, the "Tooth Saver."
First phase: Periodontal Diagnosis
Second Phase: Non-surgical periodontal therapy
Third Phase: Re-evaluation
Fourth Phase: Surgical therapy, if necessary
Fifth Phase: Maintenance
The stages of the pathway
The periodontal dental examination
This phase involves a diagnostic study of the health status of the supporting tissues of the teeth, through:
Periodontal status: multiple radiographs showing bone levels, tartar, pockets, caries.
Photographs: for analysis of gingival recessions, dental anatomy and status of adherent gingiva.
Periodontal chart: using a millimeter probe, the stage of pockets, bleeding, plaque, gingival recessions, tooth mobility are assessed.
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The revaluation
After therapy, the stage of pathology is re-evaluated, through:
new intraoral examination
evolution of symptoms
new periodontal chart
3
Non-surgical periodontal therapy (TPNC)
The goal is to recover as much of the previously lost periodontal tissue as possible, without resorting to surgery.
The course includes:
oral hygiene instruction and motivation;
elimination of bacteria;
tissue stimulation;
Repeated sessions of: dental hygiene and non-surgical periodontal therapy (TPNC) will be performed. Microscope, Glycine Powders, Laser, manual curettes are the tools to be able to treat the disease through:
the thorough cleaning of the pockets with the removal of plaque and tartar, ;
the removal of diseased tissue;
the stimulation of the body's antibacterial activity.
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The maintenance
Once the treatment is over, the maintenance phase of the achieved health status will begin with periodic oral hygiene sessions.
In the early stages, maintenance will be carried out every 4 to 6 months while, in the advanced stages, maintenance sessions should be carried out every 3 to 4 months.
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Clinical cases
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